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LEY DEL TABACO
| Posted on January 3, 2011 at 6:07 AM |
El domingo 2 de enero, entró en vigor la nueva ley del tabaco que prohíbe fumar en todos los espacios públicos cerrados y en algunos al aire libre, como parques y lugares de ocio infantil, colegios y recintos hospitalarios. La norma, impulsada por la anterior ministra del ramo Trinidad Jiménez, fue aprobada el pasado 21 de septiembre en el Congreso de los Diputados en su versión más restrictiva. Así, se da prioridad a la prevención el tabaquismo en menores, retrasando la edad de inicio del consumo, y a la protección de los fumadores pasivos, sobre todo a los trabajadores de la hostelería.Tras su aprobación, la actual ministra de Sanidad, Política Social e Igualad, Leire Pajín, afirmó que con su aprobación se ha hecho "historia", ya que se trata de una ley "tremendamente importante y necesaria para la sociedad", que ha conseguido "priorizar la salud pública" y que supondrá "un paso decisivo en la defensa de la salud de los españoles". Fuera de la norma se quedó la enmienda que introdujo el PP aprobada en el Senado que abría la posibilidad de que los casinos, bingos y salas de juego pudieran reservar hasta un 30 por ciento de su espacio para fumadores, sin servicio de juego ni de consumiciones. Del mismo modo se rechazó que se concedieran beneficios fiscales a los empresarios que hicieron obras en sus locales para adaptarse a la ley de 2005. LAS NUEVAS REGLAS SOBRE EL TABACO La ley que entra en vigor define espacio público como "todo lugar accesible al público o de uso colectivo, con independencia de su titularidad pública o privada", los transportes públicos o colectivos y terrazas con "un máximo de dos paredes".Como excepción, se podrá fumar en las habitaciones que los dueños de hoteles decidan habilitar para ello, con un máximo del 30 por ciento del local. Estas habitaciones deben ser fijas, estar separadas del resto y señalizadas con carteles. Los trabajadores no podrán acceder a ellas "mientras se encuentre un cliente en su interior, salvo caso de emergencia". También se permitirá fumar en espacios al aire libre de universidades y centros "exclusivamente dedicados a la formación de adultos, siempre que no sean accesos inmediatos a los edificios o aceras circundantes". Además, podrán fumar los presos, pacientes de psiquiátricos de media y larga estancia e internos de residencias de mayores o discapacitados en zonas exteriores o en salas cerradas habilitadas, señalizadas y con ventilación independiente. Podrán fumar también los socios de los clubes privados de fumadores, que para ser considerados como tal deberán ser "entidades con personalidad jurídica, carecer de ánimo de lucro y no incluir entre sus actividades u objeto social la comercialización o compra-venta". Tampoco podrán permitir la entrada de menores. Fija que las administraciones públicas deberán "promover" programas para la deshabituación tabáquica --sobre todo en Atención Primaria-- y "potenciar" el acceso a tratamientos y crear unidades de deshabituación tabáquica.Asimismo, invita a las administraciones públicas a concienciar contra el tabaco en las escuelas y actuar en atención pediátrica con programas de información específica para padres fumadores y campañas sobre los perjuicios del humo en niños. La ley prohíbe a los medios de comunicación, incluido Internet, emitir imágenes de presentadores, colaboradores o invitados fumando y "mencionar o mostrar, directa o indirectamente, marcas, nombres comerciales, logotipos u otros signos asociados a productos del tabaco". Se respetarán las imágenes de fumadores de las películas. Además, fija que el Gobierno determinará, con un Real Decreto, "los contenidos y componentes de los productos del tabaco, en especial los elementos adictivos y las condiciones de etiquetado". El Ministerio de Sanidad tendrá que remitir a las Cortes Generales cada dos años un informe de evaluación del impacto de esa reforma sobre la salud pública. La obligación se extenderá durante los cuatro años siguientes a la entrada en vigor de la norma. |
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